【vie结构】在英语语法中,"VIE结构" 是一种常见的动词短语结构,常用于表达“让某人做某事”的意思。它由三个部分组成:V(动词) + I(间接宾语) + E(直接宾语)。这种结构在日常交流和写作中非常实用,能够帮助更清晰地表达动作的接受者和执行者之间的关系。
一、VIE结构总结
VIE结构是一种特殊的动词短语结构,其中动词后面接两个宾语:一个间接宾语(I)和一个直接宾语(E)。通常情况下,间接宾语是动作的接受者,而直接宾语是动作的直接对象。
例如:
- She gave me a gift.
(她给了我一个礼物。)
- V: gave
- I: me
- E: a gift
二、常见VIE结构动词
以下是一些常用的VIE结构动词,它们后面通常跟间接宾语和直接宾语:
动词(V) | 间接宾语(I) | 直接宾语(E) | 例句 |
give | me | a book | She gave me a book. |
send | him | an email | He sent me an email. |
show | her | the picture | I showed her the picture. |
tell | them | a story | She told them a story. |
teach | him | a lesson | The teacher taught him a lesson. |
lend | you | some money | He lent me some money. |
buy | us | a present | They bought us a present. |
offer | me | a job | He offered me a job. |
ask | her | a question | I asked her a question. |
write | him | a letter | She wrote him a letter. |
三、VIE结构的使用要点
1. 间接宾语通常为人或动物,表示动作的接受者。
2. 直接宾语通常是物或抽象概念,表示动作的直接对象。
3. 在口语中,有时会省略间接宾语,用“to”或“for”来引导:
- She gave a book to me.(代替 She gave me a book.)
4. 某些动词可以同时使用VIE结构和V+to/from结构,但含义略有不同:
- He gave me a gift.(他给我一个礼物)
- He gave a gift to me.(他给了一件礼物给我)
四、VIE结构与VO结构的区别
结构类型 | 举例 | 说明 |
VIE结构 | She gave me a book. | 间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后 |
VO结构 | She gave a book to me. | 使用介词“to”连接间接宾语和直接宾语 |
五、小结
VIE结构是英语中非常实用的一种语法结构,广泛应用于日常对话和书面表达中。掌握这一结构有助于更自然、准确地表达“让某人做某事”的含义。通过不断练习和积累相关动词,可以更加灵活地运用这一结构,提高语言表达能力。